Pregnancy is a beautiful journey filled with anticipation and joy, but it also comes with a range of changes, including those that affect oral health.
While expectant mothers focus on prenatal care, it’s essential not to overlook dental health during this critical time. Understanding the impact of pregnancy on oral health and adopting proper dental care practices can ensure a healthy smile for both mother and baby.
Hormonal Changes and Oral Health
During pregnancy, hormonal fluctuations can lead to various oral health issues. Increased levels of progesterone and estrogen may make gums more sensitive to plaque, leading to a condition known as pregnancy gingivitis.
Symptoms include red, swollen, or tender gums, which may bleed during brushing or flossing. It’s crucial for expectant mothers to maintain excellent oral hygiene habits to prevent and manage gingivitis.
Loose teeth is another pregnancy symptom, as high levels of progesterone and estrogen during pregnancy can temporarily loosen the tissues and bones that keep your teeth in place.
Morning Sickness and Dental Health
Many women experience morning sickness during pregnancy, which can lead to enamel erosion and tooth decay due to frequent vomiting.
The stomach acids that come into contact with teeth can weaken enamel over time, increasing the risk of cavities. To minimize the effects of morning sickness on dental health, rinsing the mouth with water or a mouthwash after vomiting can help neutralize acids and protect tooth enamel.
Additionally, waiting at least 30 minutes before brushing can prevent further enamel damage.
Increased Risk of Gum Disease and Pyogenic Granuloma
Untreated gingivitis during pregnancy can progress to a more severe form of gum disease called periodontitis.
This condition not only affects the health of the gums but has also been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth and low birth weight. Expectant mothers should prioritize regular dental check-ups and cleanings to monitor gum health and address any signs of periodontal disease promptly. Professional cleanings can remove plaque and tartar buildup that contribute to gum inflammation and reduce the risk of complications.
It’s also important to be aware of the possibility of developing Pregnancy Tumors (otherwise known as pyogenic granuloma), which are not cancer. They are lumps that form on the gums, usually between teeth.
Pregnancy tumors look red and raw, and they bleed easily. They can be caused by having too much plaque, and usually go away on their own after giving birth.
Importance of a Nutritious Diet
Maintaining a balanced diet rich in essential nutrients is vital for both maternal and fetal health, including oral health.
Calcium, vitamin D, phosphorus, and vitamin C are particularly important for strong teeth and gums. Incorporating dairy products, leafy greens, lean proteins, and fresh fruits into meals can provide the necessary nutrients to support dental health during pregnancy.
Avoiding excessive consumption of sugary snacks and beverages can also help prevent tooth decay and cavities.
Dental Procedures During Pregnancy
Routine dental care, including check-ups, cleanings, and necessary treatments, is safe and recommended during pregnancy.
However, elective procedures such as teeth whitening and cosmetic treatments should be postponed until after childbirth.
Dentists may also advise delaying non-urgent procedures to the second trimester when the risk to the developing fetus is minimal. It’s essential to inform dental providers about pregnancy and any changes in health status to ensure appropriate care.
Mercury-free dental fillings and fillings containing mercury (amalgam or silver fillings)
It’s important to have cavities treated and filled when you have them, but only with mercury-free dental fillings. Cavities filled with dental amalgam may cause health issues for you or your baby.
An amalgam is a blend of different substances, usually chemicals and metals, including mercury, which is toxic.
Mercury in an expectant mother can be passed onto the baby through the placenta or when nursing. Studies have even found that pregnant mothers who have been exposed to mercury fillings may have a higher risk of miscarriage, preeclampsia and low birthweight babies than pregnant people who haven’t been exposed. Mercury also can cause damage to the brain, kidneys and other organs.
You should not get dental amalgam fillings if you are pregnant, planning to get pregnant or nursing, according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
If you need to have a cavity filled, ask your dentist for a mercury-free composite resin filling. This type of filling is the same color as your teeth. It is made from a type of plastic mixed with powdered glass. Composite resin fillings don’t include toxic metals such as mercury and are safe for you and your baby.
However, the FDA does not recommend that you remove dental amalgam fillings that you already have unless your dentist sees an issue with the filling.
Dental X-Rays during pregnancy
X-rays are part of regular dental care, and can show problems with your teeth, gums and the bones around your mouth. It uses radiation to make a picture on film.
It’s important to understand that dental X-rays are safe during pregnancy. They use very small amounts of radiation, and your dentist covers you with a special apron and collar to protect you and your baby.
Having said that, if your dentist wants to give you an X-ray, make sure he or she is aware that you’re pregnant or trying to get pregnant so they can reassure you, and inform you of other aspects to be aware of related to your dental health throughout your pregnancy.
Modern Day Dental – St. Johns, FL
Maintaining good oral hygiene and seeking regular dental care are essential components of prenatal health for expectant mothers. By understanding the unique challenges and considerations related to dental care during pregnancy, women can take proactive steps to preserve their oral health and promote overall well-being for themselves and their babies.
Modern Day Dental is committed to supporting expectant mothers in maintaining optimal oral health throughout their pregnancy journey. Schedule a dental appointment today to ensure a healthy smile!